Search & Research, Lectures and Papers 20: Roncalli and the Jews during the Holocaust - Concern and Efforts to Help

Despite the hierarchical structure of the Catholic Church, there was a very wide range of positions and behaviors within the Catholic world towards Jews during the Holocaust – from deep hatred and close cooperation with the Nazis to resistance and brave acts of rescue. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, the Pope’s emissary in Istanbul and later the heir to Pius XII as Pope John XXIII, was one of the outstanding figures who assisted Jews. This volume presents two articles detailing Roncalli’s activities within the context of World War II, especially his relationships with the Yishuv emissaries in Istanbul.